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A future doctoral student also needs a carefully thought-out outline of his or her thesis to apply for a (temporary) doctoral post. That is because the "typical" PhD/doctoral student in Germany works – usually part-time – as a research associate at his university. Although research is usually part of the job description, most of the associate’s own doctoral research usually has to be carried out outside working hours. How closely teaching, research and/or administrative duties are actually tied into the PhD/doctoral student’s own research depends very much on the individual situation.

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